The Marshall Plan Essay - 2048 Words

The Marshall Plan First and foremost, a great deal of Europe’s success would not have happened without its initial aid from the United States. After helping destroy so much of the continent, the U.S. pumped billions and billions of dollars back into the European economy through The Marshall Plan. It was named after Secretary of State George C. Marshall, who said â€Å"The world of suffering people looks to us for leadership. Their thoughts, however, are not concentrated alone on this problem. They have more immediate and terribly pressing concerns where the mouthful of food will come from, where they will find shelter tonight, and where they will find warmth. Along with the great problem of maintaining the peace we must solve the†¦show more content†¦And even if factories and machines and capital goods were destroyed, it wasn’t a huge loss. This permitted companies, along with money from United States assistance, to buy newer, more technologically advanced equipment. Witho ut U.S. help, they would not have had the financial capacities to get this new industrial equipment, which proved to be faster, more efficient, and safer (Kindleberger, 113). All of the building and rebuilding that needed to be done because of the bombing destruction helped sustain long term economic growth. Building trades prospered and grew dramatically as entire cities like Stuttgart had to start from scratch (Wegs, 66). This meant that many jobs would become available, and there were many people available to work. There were several reasons for the mass quantities of laborers eager to get to work. Soldiers had returned home from the war with no job to come home to because of either destruction or replacement workers. Refugees fleeing from the eastern portion of Europe occupied many countries in the west, especially West Germany, bringing about more bodies for work. Even workers from southern Europe came to work. Europe’s population increased by nearly 60 million thirty ye ars after the start of WWII (Wegs, 67). There was plenty of cheap labor. Because of the cheap labor of the immigrants and refugees, many businesses could keep costs low, turning outstanding profits, andShow MoreRelatedThe Marshall Plan and Accomplishments of George Marshall Essay632 Words   |  3 PagesGeorge C. Marshall was an essential player in the mid twentieth century. His military expertise and planning abilities led us to victory in world war two. The same made the Marshall plan so effective in reviving Europe’s down economy and standard of living. As secretary of state and defense his leadership skills and reputation as an honest man made him the perfect fit for the job. To say the least, George Marshall had a vast influence over this country while he was in power. On September 1stRead MoreRestricting Communism with the Marshall Plan857 Words   |  3 PagesHarvard University; it was delivered on the 5th of June, 1947 at Harvard University. The speech was created primarily Charles Bohlen, a Soviet expert and Marshall’s special assistant, and later revised by Marshall. Department officials, including George Kennan and William Clayton saw the Marshall Plan as a way of restricting Communist growth in Europe, by strengthening the struggling democratic European nations . After the end of WWII in 1945, the majority of Europe was in ruins; over a third of theRead MoreThe Marshall Plan From Both The International Political Economic1822 Words   |  8 Pageswill analyze the Marshall Plan from both the international political economic (IPE) liberal and IPE critical theorist philosophies and what a theorist from each belief would say about the Marshall Plan in regards to its economic and political implications. The essay will do this first with an explanation of the IPE liberal theory; followed by an explanation of the IPE critical theory. Next, the essay will describe the background of the Marshall Plan aid and what the M arshall Plan hoped to accomplishRead MoreWhat was the significance of the Marshall Plan on Post-war Europe? *FOURTH DRAFT* September 2,2200 Words   |  9 PagesWhat was the significance of the Marshall Plan on Post-war Europe? *FOURTH DRAFT* September 2, 1945, marked the end of the Second World War, a day in which soldiers could finally leave foreign shores for home, but they would soon discover that home was not how they left it. For World War II had taken its toll on Europe. On both sides all that had been built before now lay in ruin and desolation, with economic disaster and extreme poverty now left to govern its inhabitants. Industrial productionRead MoreThe Marshall Plan Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesThe Marshall Plan was implemented in 1948 in order to aid Eastern Europe in terms of its economy. In this investigation, I will explore factors that could be considered the main goal of the Marshall Plan. While there have been historians who argued on whether what is the true intentions of plan, I believe that the true intention was to revive Europe’s economy. The plan was enacted during the beginning of the Cold War; causing historians to believe that the plan was used to combat the Soviet UnionRead MoreMarsh all Plan Effectiveness1666 Words   |  7 PagesThe most effective Cold War plan was the famous Marshall Plan. Some historians may believe that the most effective plan was Containment, but they are wrong. These plans are considered effective for the lives the protect, the safety the provided, and the money they gave. This the safest, most lucrative, most effective Cold War plan was the Marshall Plan. Generally the Cold War lasted from 1949-1991. But it couldve started earlier, â€Å"In a June 5,1947 speech to the graduating class at Harvard, SecretaryRead MoreMarshall Plan Containment1318 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"The originally propagated view that the Marshall Plan was an altruistic endeavour †¦ has long been dismissed.† Instead, â€Å"The overwhelming body of literature looks at the Marshall Plan either from a political and diplomatic or from an economic viewpoint.† Overall, the Plan was primarily motivated by the former, rather, than the later, albeit both were heavily intertwined. This is because containment and a fear of Soviet expansion categorised US foreign policy for much of the postwarRead MoreThe United States And The Soviet Union1733 Words   |  7 Pagesresources that allowed European nations to rebuild the continent’s economy. The Marshall Plan, as it would be known, was a successful implementation of American foreign po licy as it provided markets for American goods, benefiting the American economy, created reliable trading partners, and provided political stability in Western Europe. Background President Truman had appointed George C. Marshall Secretary of State in 1947. Marshall was widely popular among the American public as a military officer whoRead MoreEssay about The Consequences of Excessive Government Intervention684 Words   |  3 Pagesto the Marshall plan as an example of one of the many great accomplishments of big government (McKenna Feingold, 2012). Mr. Madrick is not being completely truthful with this claim. The Marshall plan gave European countries almost $100 billion to help rebuild, and is also credited with saving European economies after World War II. Tyler Cowen, an economist from George Mason university, points out in his study of the plan, that the economies that received the most funding under the plan actuallyRead MoreThe European Recovery Program Of The United States Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesforeign assistance. Secretary of State in the U.S. at the time, George Marshall, proposed the Marshall Plan†, originally called â€Å"the Eu ropean Recovery Program†, in June of 1947, during his speech at Harvard University. Marshall’s argument was to provide 13 billion U.S. dollars, about 5% of the American gross domestic product during that period, to European nations to bail them out of their continental crisis post-World War II. The plan was in operation for four years, rebuilding war terrorized countries

Thesis Sample Survey Questionnaire - 720 Words

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE Greetings! Please be informed that the researcher is conducting a study on â€Å"The Effectiveness of Advanced reading to the Average Grade Of Saint Benenedict School of Novaliches Seniors†. In connection with this the author constructed a questionnaire to gather information for the study. Your participation in the study by way of answering this is very vital. Without it, the study will not be complete as it should be. Kindly fill up the questionnaire with honesty. Please feel assured that your anonymity and the information you will give will be treated with the strictest confidentiality. Thank you very much for your very kind response to my request and if you are interested I will supply you with†¦show more content†¦Do you agree that the information you have read will retain in your mind? __ Yes __No 8. Did advanced reading improve your memory retention? __ a little bit __ much __ very much __ notShow MoreRelatedGoffman s Theory Of Social Stigma Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pages 3. Theoretical Framework Erving Goffman’s theory of social stigma (1963) will be used as a guideline for the thesis and will act as a basis for further research on personal and perceived depression stigma. Stigma is a deeply discrediting attribute which has a strong relationship to stereotype (Goffman, 1963) Goffman defines stigma as a gap between â€Å"virtual social identity and actual social identity† and states that stigmata are bodily signs which deviate from the norm (Goffman, 1963). AccordingRead MoreSoftware Development : An Important Part Of The Modern World1240 Words   |  5 Pagesundergo an agile training in Scrum Master Certification, to develop understanding of agile execution in diverse fields. In the third phase survey data will be collected using questionnaires. Data analysis will be done using correlation concepts. Also, this study will refer to software development as the base, without mentioning the used technology so that the thesis becomes easily understandable and info rmative for all. Background Agile in literature is an adjective meaning ‘able to move quickly andRead MoreThe Goal Of The Examination Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesinformation, boards and so forth. In this manner, Descriptive technique has been utilized since thesis required to answer organized inquiries like who, what, where, when, why and how, permitting answers to be unmistakable to the watched certainties. Studies and optional information are utilized for the most part to direct the examination. Research Method The research method used for this survey is: Survey Method As per Kotler, study exploration is the most generally utilized strategy to gather essentialRead MoreEssay Quantitative Article Review1204 Words   |  5 Pagesare proposed to create a heightened awareness of individual leadership abilities. Sample Participants It is unclear what type of method was used to select the sample and whether the sample was a simple random sample. The participants are the individuals of three different cohorts. One might assume that these three cohorts were randomly selected. Due to the lack of information about the selection of the sample, this type of assumption should not be made. The participants of clearly the individualsRead MoreResearch Proposal1447 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation will be the force members with less than 10 years of service and who are under the MPF contracts. This sample group may provide us the information about the turnover intention excluding the retirement factors. c. Sampling strategy (what sampling methods you are going to adopt Why How would you conduct the sampling What is the sample size) We will distribute a set of questionnaire to our targets to fill in. The questions will obtain some basic background information of the interviewees likeRead MoreThe Impact Of Auditing On The Achievement Of Corporate Goals Essay1013 Words   |  5 Pagesabout the various steps that are commonly taken up by a researcher in studying his research problem and also to know the logic behind them. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the study. 4.1 Research Approach: The main purpose of this thesis is to understand how auditing contributes to the achievement of corporate goals. To make this possible we must understand the influence of the audit. 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He draws from this theory, and, implicitly, the Racial Threat Thesis, in order to form two hypotheses: (1) Public support for political compromise should come even fromRead MoreSexual Relationship Among Romantic Partners1473 Words   |  6 Pagesresearchers Wyndol Furman from the Department of Psychology, University of Denver and Laura Shaffer from the Department of Psychology, University of Louisville Schools of Medicine. Authors, through their intensive research and sample studies, interviews and questionnaires, have examined and concluded their findings on sexual behaviors with different partners. Their research was mainly focused on sexual relationships in romantic married and cohabitating couples versus nonromantic young adults and

Essay Atheism Free Essays

Atheism Atheism is the belief in the absence of god or gods and that death marks the end of an individual’s existence. Given that they do not believe in the existence of a god or gods, their ethical goals are determined by secular, or nonreligious, aims and concerns; they are in complete control of their destiny. Most Atheists attribute their history to the Greek and Roman philosophers Epicurus, Democritus, and Lucretius. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Atheism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though they did not actually state that god or gods did not exist, they are considered the first Atheist writers. They merely stated that gods were not involved in the life of humans. However, Richard Dawkins is a well-known atheist and regarded as the father of modern Atheism. Over the years, there was a rise in Atheist believers. Thomas Hobbes doubted the literal value of religious books in the 18th and 19th centuries, Ludwig Feuerbach believed that God was invented by humans, and in the late 19th century, it rose again due to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and other scientific advancements that came around. The secularist movement, also in the 19th century, came about to eradicate church involvement in state affairs. The reasons behind an individual’s beliefs in Atheism are usually personal. Many may choose to follow it because they feel that other religions are illogical and that there is not enough support to prove the existence of any god or gods. Additionally, they feel that religion brings about struggle and separation and weaken human rights and impede scientific research. In Atheism, they celebrate birth, marriage, and death. Naming ceremonies welcome babies into the world and family and friends attend. When people get married, it is a non-religious joining; it is extremely personal and reflects no religious rituals or any godly existence. All of their ceremonies are all personal and solidify their belief that they do not require gods or holy writings to dictate their lives or public/personal affairs. While researching Atheism, I was a little skeptical; I have not always heard the best about atheists. The reason I picked this â€Å"religion†, or lack there-of, is because no one in class did a presentation on it and I was disappointed. I know that what I knew about it was most likely all biased opinion on a belief that many people hate. I was surprised at what I found and glad that I picked it. Atheism, I believe, is highly misunderstood, and hough followers do not have a belief in god or gods, they do, from what I understand, have faith. Faith in themselves. They believe in themselves to be strong enough to develop their own moral compass with out a guideline. I find that empowering. The way that they celebrate birth and marriage was beautiful in its own unique way. They personalize everything, and that makes ev erything so much more intimate and precious. I am not going to convert or anything like that, but I have developed a deeper understanding for a belief that I had once held in contempt. I hate to say that, but I really did, and I am happy to announce that I have educated myself for the better. Candomble An African-Brazilian religion, Candomble has about two million followers. It is a combination of various beliefs, also known as a syncretic religion. It contains elements of Christianity, particularly of Catholicism, but at its core are the traditional African beliefs of Yoruba, Fon, and Bantu. Roughly translated, Candomble means â€Å"dance in honor of the gods†, which explains why dance and music play such significant roles in this religion. They worship God, or Oludumare, and deities called orixas that serve Oludumare. They express themselves through dance and music and have no holy scriptures. Its roots can date back to slavery times in Brazil, and ever since then, it has develop into a very popular religion there, namely in Salvador da Bahia. Some followers want to rid the religion of its Christian â€Å"taint† and return it to its uncorrupted form. In Candomble, good and bad does not exist but bad acts do have their consequences. Each persons goal is to fulfill and carry out their own individual destiny which is controlled by the orixas. Orixas can be defined as ancestors, both recent and ancient. They are also regarded as spirits that can connect humans to the spirit world. A person’s personality is a reflection of his or her own orixa. A group or orixa’s are called Baba Egum, who regulate the moral code or guarantee the continuity of morals from one generation to the next. In Candomble, worship takes place in the form of dances and songs, which allow the orixa’s to enter their body. Both priests and priestesses lead them. Women play a significant role; women who are called â€Å"mothers of the holy one† lead services and train others to become priestesses. Temples, or terreiro, are their sacred places of worship and they have indoor and outdoor sections and designated places for the gods. Candomble is a very spiritual religion that solidified its beliefs while being pressed down by the shackles of slavery. I did not intend to do my second religion on Candomble, but when I stopped to look at it, I absolutely caught my interest. I liked how the orixa’s could link humans to the spirit world; I have always been interested in that kind of stuff. I found this religion to be inspiring and exciting because it is an oral religion and so there are no written scriptures or books. I find it exciting because it is so highly centered on dance and music; more so than any other religion that I have come across. I cannot say that I had a biased opinion when coming into this religion, because I did not even know it existed. I enjoyed learning about it and from what I understand; the followers are very enthusiastic about their religion and remembering their ancestors. How to cite Essay Atheism, Essay examples

Development of Tourism & Hospitality Industries-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Emerging Issues in Hospitality and Tourism. Answer: Brief overview of the chosen issue Tourism and hospitality industry is witnessing a steep growth in the current era, though there are different challenges and issues emerging alongside the expansion (Michailidou et al. 2016). The authors argue that environmental degradation due to the rapid expansion of tourism and hospitality is one of the most crucial challenges faced by the industry today. This issue is noteworthy since sustainability of the industry is at stake across sectors. Though tourism has a positive impact on the country in terms of economic growth, foreign exchange earnings and employment opportunities, the pressure exerted on the environment cannot be denied. According to Hiltunen et al. (2016) unrestrained traditional tourism imposes major threats to the natural resources of the country. A wide array of problems emerge since considerable harm is done to the environment, such a loss of natural habitat, soil erosion, increased pollution and depletion of natural resources like water. Important land resources such as fossil fuels, forests, fertile soil and wildlife are among the natural resources upon which pressure is created due to recreational facilities and tourism. Direct brunt on renewable and non-renewable natural resources can be caused due to the use of land for infrastructure provision. Further, tourism leads to pollution in the form of air emissions, solid waste production, noise pollution, releases of sewage and visual pollution. The ecosystems threatened with degradation are ecologically fragile areas like wetlands, mangroves, rain forests, and coral reefs. The threats to these ecosystems are drastic since these places are eye-c atching to tourists and developers alike (Ouattara, Prez-Barahona and Strobl 2016). The physical impact of growth on tourism on the environment had been explained by (Mason 2015). Trampling impacts on vegetation include reduced regeneration, reduced plant vigour, loss of groud cover, change in the composition of species. Impacts on the soil include a decrease in water and air permeability, accelerated erosion, increase in run off. Further, alteration in the ecosystem by activities in tourism are noteworthy. Critical analysis of the significance of the chosen issue for future growth and development of the Tourism and Hospitality Industries Mohammed (2017) points out that rapid degradation of natural resources and environmental degradation restricts further expansion of tourism and hospitality industries across the globe. The depletion of resources and similar negative impact has drawn the attention of environmentalists who have cme forward to restrict tourism activities. Actions are now being taken up against the ignorant tourism and hospitality organisations that have been blatantly ignoring environmental effects of their activities. Reforms are now being made in policies that are setting new procedures for the functioning of such organisations. Policies are now governed by the association of the proposed tourism project and potential environmental impact. This has made it difficult to set of tourism projects in different major tourism hotspots in the country, such as the Great Barrier Reef, one of the most attractive natural wonder of the country, as well as the world. Tourism and hospitality industries are now facing immense pressure to abide by legislations supporting sustainable environmental activities that do not allow harm caused to the natural resources. The ecological importance of the area in which the proposed tourism project would be set up is first to be adjudged before commencing on the project. The government of Australia has also contributed to such approaches wherein all industry organisations are to adhere to the newly formed regulation and rules articulated over time (Zaman et al. 2016). Organisations have reported they have are on the verge of suffering economic losses due to such regulations and conflicts have commonly emerged on this ground. While the aim of the movements supported by the government is to establish a framework for the ecologically sustainable development of conservation of the natural resources, the justification provided by the industry is that tourism is not always able to integrate philanthropy into business (Font 2017). The authors state that tourism industry wants the government to plan a flexible managing approach so that the mentioned sector is in a position to endure innovations and site-specific outcomes. Recommendations that may solve the chose issue Adequate environmental management and planning can be the way in which tourism can contribute effectively to conservation. Poor environment management complex the tourism and hospitality industry to damage the resources and defer from conservation value. Tourist development needs to focus on those activities that permit conservation while supporting recreation. Management authorities of respective tourism organisations must implement sound planning tools and policies that help in achieving such aims. While the tourism industry, on the whole, has taken initiatives to protect the environment, the same is not applicable for individual operators and developers in the short erm. Research indicates that there are analogies to the industry, where degradation of the environment is now widespread (George et al. 2016). As cited by Luthe and Wyss (2014) tourism companies must have managers putting emphasis on environmental impact data. Information is to be critically analysed and processed for pointing out the needs of the future in relation to environmental sustainability. Information needs at this juncture include environmental sensitivities to tourist-related impacts; indicators of environmental change as a result of tourist impacts; environmental baseline data; and audit of actual impact. These are to be linked with the timing, type, location and intensity of tourist activities. Economic information is to be obtained on conservation values, economies of tourism industries and option costs of damage done to the environment. Briassoulis and Van der Straaten (2013) in this regard stated that evolution is to be brought about in the standardised environmental impact assessment tool though it is widely used the tool. The reason is that it is not suited to environmental planning in the present era. Cum ulative impacts on the social front and economic front are noteworthy, and thus companies must focus on assessing such cumulative impacts in the near future. Tourism and hospitality companies must consider utilisation of policy management tools and policy instruments for the betterment in terms of environmental impact. Such tools and instruments are to encompass three major aspects: multiple use strategies, intensity and zoning. These are to again fall under different categories of incentives and disincentives; regulation and surveillance; education; physical protection and hardening; and information collection and dissemination (Mson 2015). Further, environmental planning for industries can only be made possible when a broad perceptive is taken that covers domestic as well as international destinations, tourists, competition and costs. Efforts to construct guidelines on national environmental for tourist development would be highly praiseworthy. However, these ar to be integrated into comprehensive national tourist strategies. These are also to consider controls on foreign investment in land and tourist development, with the objective of countering the increase in vertical integration in foreign-owned tourist operations. Managers can abide by mechanisms for the generation of financial returns from the public environmental capital which tourist operators from the private sector use. One must keep in mind that these mechanisms are subject to risk and therefore conflicts on interests might arise in due course. Avoiding such conflicts would remain at the core of environmental protection. Strategies must also be particularly considering aspects of social equity. Lastly, tax instrumentations can be used for controlling tourist development by overseas interests (Dredge and Jamal 2015). There is a global need for conservation of natural areas of the earth. Environmental planning in a careful manner can be useful for the tourism industry as they would be able to generate profits without giving rise to any environmental challenge. Damage of environment is extensive, and thus, such measures would combat the indirect and direct impacts on human life on the whole. References Briassoulis, H. and Van der Straaten, J. eds., 2013.Tourism and the environment: regional, economic, cultural and policy issues(Vol. 6). Springer Science Business Media. Dredge, D. and Jamal, T., 2015. Progress in tourism planning and policy: A post-structural perspective on knowledge production.Tourism Management,51, pp.285-297. Font, X., 2017. Sustainability in the hospitality industry: Principles of sustainable operations. Tourism Management. 63. P.10. George, R., Barben, T., Chivaka, R., van Vuuren, M.J., Knott, B., Lehmann, S., Mulder, M., Nel, J., Nieuwenhuizen, C., Saunders, C. and Swart, K., 2016.Managing tourism in South Africa(No. Ed. 2). Oxford University Press. Hiltunen, M.J., Pitknen, K. and Halseth, G., 2016. Environmental perceptions of second home tourism impacts in Finland.Local Environment,21(10), pp.1198-1214. Lew, A.A. and Cheer, J.M. eds., 2017.Tourism resilience and adaptation to environmental change: Definitions and frameworks. Routledge. Luthe, T. and Wyss, R., 2014. Assessing and planning resilience in tourism.Tourism Management,44, pp.161-163. Mason, P., 2015.Tourism impacts, planning and management. Routledge. Michailidou, A.V., Vlachokostas, C., Moussiopoulos, . and Maleka, D., 2016. Life Cycle Thinking used for assessing the environmental impacts of tourism activity for a Greek tourism destination.Journal of Cleaner Production,111, pp.499-510. Mohammed, A.K., 2017. An Assessment of Tourisms Environmental Impact on the Lake Bosomtwe Basin.International Journal of Hospitality Tourism Administration, pp.1-30. Ouattara, B., Prez-Barahona, A. and Strobl, E., 2016. The dynamic implications of tourism and environmental quality.Journal of Economics Literature,44, p.R11. Zaman, K., Shahbaz, M., Loganathan, N. and Raza, S.A., 2016. Tourism development, energy consumption and Environmental Kuznets Curve: Trivariate analysis in the panel of developed and developing countries.Tourism Management,54, pp.275-283.

The Human Body and Mind Quiz Essay Example

The Human Body and Mind: Quiz Essay The are located at the top of the brain and contain the compensatory cortex, which receives information about pressure, pain, touch, and temperature from all over the body. Parietal lobes 2. A neither increases nor decreases the probability of a behavior. Neutral consequence 3. Won a Nobel Prize for his work with salivating dogs and his theory of classical conditioning. Ivan Pavlov 4. Was an early twentieth century neurologist who argued that the unconscious part of the mind contains passions, guilty secrets, and conflicts that makes themselves known In reams Freud 5. All self-help resources are based on emplace data (observation, experimentation, and measurement). False 6. As a whole, people act differently when they are part of a group. True 7. The autonomic nervous system both a and c 8. Because language is too complex to be learned bit by bit, linguist, NOAA Chomsky, argued that the human brain must contain a(n) language acquisition devise 9. The Cerebrum is divided into two separate halves, which are called the Cerebral hemispheres 10. Critical talking Is necessary In psychology to distinguish between pseudoscience and psychobabble. False 11. Culture can shape your perception. True 12. A descriptive study that looks for a consistent relationship between two phenomena is a(n correlation study 13. An early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements coined by E. B. Telemeter In the late sass was known structuralism 14_ The first self-improvement program began In the: 19th century 15. The founder of scientific psychology: Wilhelm Wound (1832-1920) 16. From birth, boys and girls instinctively know how to act. False 17. Genetics can play a major role in mental disorders. True 18. We will write a custom essay sample on The Human Body and Mind: Quiz specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Human Body and Mind: Quiz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Human Body and Mind: Quiz specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Hippopotamus all the above peg 128 19. How many chromosomes generate the development of the human body cells? 46 20. The hypothalamus, the magical, and the hippopotamus are all structures that make up the limbic system 21. In an experimental study, a variable that the experimenter manipulates is the independent variable 22. In his research, Dry. Fischer demonstrates that a system of rewards and punisher can be used to shape the behavior of school-age children to conform to the standards of a classroom. Dry. Fishers approach to the study of psychology most likely adheres to the perspective. Learning 23. In its physiological effects, alcohol is: downer 24. In psychological research, a group of participants in a study that accurately represent the larger population that the researcher is testing is called the representative sample 25. Infant reflexes, interest in novelty, a desire to explore and manipulate objects, an impulse to play, and basic cognitive skills are all examples of Innate Human place is the cerebrum 27. Learning that involves associations between environmental stimuli and the organisms responses is known conditioning 28. Lying on the sofa and talking about your feelings is the only method of psychotherapy. Ales 29. Martha travels to Australia to study the mating behavior of koala bears in their forest habitat. The data collection method he is using is called natural observation 30. Mrs.. Maier discusses appropriate behavior and citizenship in her third grade classroom. Afterwards, students role play a situation regarding the topic of sharing, and in small groups, talk about best practices. Mrs.. Mares perspective f the study of psychology most likely is cognitive 31 . Neurons communicate to other neurons and to muscles or glands in electrical and chemical language, which include action potentials and neurotransmitters 32. Neurons communicate with other neurons and some muscles and glands in electrical language called action potential and chemical language called Neurotransmitters 33. Once you have a fear of something, you will always have those fears. False 34. Only teenagers experience peer pressure. False 35. Only the things that you see and hear have psychological effects upon you. False 36. Oversimplification is an example of thinking critically false 37. People with mental illnesses are insane. False 38. Principles that describe the brains organization of sensory information into meaningful units and patterns are gestalt principles 39. A procedure in which a practitioner suggests changes in a subjects sensations, perceptions, thoughts, feelings, or behavior is hypnosis 40. A psychiatrist has (LASS) has at least while a licensed clinical social worker a Medical Degree; a Masters in Psychology 41 . Psychological research has changed societys views of mental illnesses. Rue 42. A psychologist who attempts to understand why individuals are less likely to respond to an emergency while present in a large crowd versus when there are only a few people present would most likely be a social psychologist 43. Psychology is the study of behavior and mental processes in humans and animals and how they are affected by their physical state, mental state, and external environment. True 44. Psychology is discipline concerned with an organisms mental state and external environment. 45. A psychotherapist who follows the biological perspective would most likely treat a attain with anxiety attacks by scheduling the patient for biofeedback and yoga sessions. 46. Rebecca is a cultural psychologist. She would be most interested in studying the effects of parental discipline techniques on young children in the U. S. As compared to those in Southern Europe. 47. A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience is generally referred to as learning 48. Research methods in psychology may include: all the above 49. The saying, Change things I can change, accept the things I cannot change, and the sides to know the difference has no bearing on psychology. False 50. Serotonin, dopamine, acetylenes, morphogenesis, GAB, and Glutamate are all environment can help you to gain a different perspective on your situation. 52. Sigmund Frauds personality theory includes: Ego, Superego, old 53. The small endocrine gland that is located at the base of the brain, releases hormones, and regulates endocrine glands is the the pituitary gland 54. The smallest quantity of physical energy that can be reliably detected by a given observer absolute threshold 55. Stereotyping is always bad. Is: 56. A structure housed in the cochlea of the ear that contains the receptors for hearing is the organ of Court 57. A study is designed to test the effects of a drug to stop habitual smoking. There are two groups of subjects, one receiving the drug and one receiving a placebo. If neither the subjects nor the experimenters know which group is actually receiving the drug, the design is a double-blind 58. The study of psychology can experiment. Help you to: both 59. A technique of operant conditioning whereby the trainer begins by reinforcing behavior that is a tendency in the right direction and gradually requires responses that are more and more similar to the final desired response is referred to shaping 60. That which is defined as a mental disorder in one culture may be normal in another culture. True 61. This part of the brain regulates survival drives and instincts of both the individual and the species. It is associated with hunger, thirst, emotions, sex, and reproduction. It also regulates body temperature causing the body to sweat or shiver and it controls complex operations of the autonomic nervous system. The Hypothalamus 62. To find out how common domestic violence is in the general population, a questionnaire was sent out to a random sample of anonymous respondents about the incidence of hitting, slapping, and punching in their homes. The method used for collecting data is the survey 63. Using positive reinforcement, psychologists can predict a desired behavior: some of the time 64. What kinds of experiences hinder intellectual development all the above 65. Which of the following are considered to be the brains natural opiates? Endorphins 66. Which of the following nervous systems handle the central nervous systems input ND output and contain all portions of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord down to the nerves in the tips of the fingers and toes? The Peripheral Nervous System 67. You can teach an old dog a new trick. 68. A young child becomes excited to see his dad enter the house when he returns home from work each day. Eventually, the child becomes excited when he hears his fathers truck nearing the driveway. According to the theory of classical conditioning, the childs excitement upon seeing his father is the the noise of the truck is the conditioned stimulus and Unconditioned response;

Examples of Gapping in English Grammar

Examples of Gapping in English Grammar A construction in which part of a sentence is omitted rather than repeated. The missing grammatical unit is called a gap. The term gapping was coined by linguist John R. Ross in his dissertation, Constraints on Variables in Syntax (1967), and discussed in his article Gapping and the Order of Constituents, in Progress in Linguistics, edited by M. Bierwisch and K. E. Heidolph (Mouton, 1970). Examples and Observations: The cars were old-fashioned; the buses, too.(Bill Bryson, The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid. Broadway Books, 2006)Arnaud was his closest friend; Peter, his oldest.(James Salter, Light Years. Random House, 1975)Forwards and BackwardsGapping ... describe[s] a transformation which creates gaps in a sentence after a conjunction by deleting a verb which would otherwise reappear, e.g. Caroline plays the flute and Louise (plays) the piano. Gapping can work forwards, as above, or backwards as in the deletion of the first mention of the word. According to Ross the direction of the gapping depends on the constituent branching in the deep structure, and provides insight into the underlying word order of a language.(Hadumod Bussmann, Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics. Taylor Francis, 1996)Verb DeletionConsider the pattern in (154):a. John likes coffee and Susan likes tea.b. John likes coffee and Susan -   tea.(154) illustrates a pattern known as gapping. Gapping is an o peration which deletes a constituent in one sentence under identity with a constituent of the same type in a preceding sentence. More particularly, gapping in (154b) deletes the second verb of two co-ordinated clauses; this is possible because the deleted verb is identical to the verb of the first sentence. In (154b) the verb is gapped but, crucially, its NP [Noun Phrase] complement is left behind.(Liliane M. V. Haegeman and Jacqueline Guà ©ron, English Grammar: A Generative Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell, 1999) Gapping in Written EnglishCertainly, some constructions are overwhelmingly found in written language. An example is the English Gapping construction, as in John ate an apple and Mary a peach, where an implicit ate is omitted from the second clause, understood as Mary ate a peach. Tao and Meyer (2006) found, after an extensive search of corpora, that gapping is confined to writing rather than speech. In the Elia Kazan movie The Last Tycoon, a powerful film director rejects a scene in which a French actress is given the line Nor I you, on the grounds that this is unnatural speech. But his colleague, with earthier instincts, comments on this line with Those foreign women really have class. This rings true. The gapping construction is classy, and restricted to quite elevated registers, though it is not lacking entirely from spoken English.(James R. Hurford, The Origins of Grammar: Language in the Light of Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2012)

Aerodynamic shape optimization for morphing multi-element airfoil Dissertation - 1

Aerodynamic shape optimization for morphing multi-element airfoil based on CFD by using adjoint method algorithm - Dissertation Example The multidisciplinary optimization of the aircraft structure is undertaken during the preliminary design phase itself. Thus the final objective of the aerodynamic design is, to arrive at the best aerodynamic configuration that gives the best operational performance given the constrains, irrespective of the method chosen to achieve this. One of the important techniques of design is by using the techniques of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The CFD based design approaches are normally classified into three different methods namely – inverse surface models, inverse field model and numerical optimization models. When the design variables goes over 1,00,000 the conventional methods would soon approach its limits. The numerical models have been widely accepted in the design process and have clearly established their advantages over the conventional design process.